Peristiwa Gharaniq

Dalam tahun 1988, Muslim merusuh di seluruh dunia kerana sebuah buku kontroversi The Satanic Verses (Ayat-Ayat Syaitan) karya Salman Rushdie. Aku ingat begitu marahnya Muslim sampaikan kepala dia ditawarkan berjuta-juta oleh Ayatollah Khomeini, pemimpin Iran pada masa itu. Tapi tahukah Muslim ini bahawa sebenarnya memang ada peristiwa yang ditulis oleh sejarawan Muslim seperti al-Waqidi, Ibn Saad, al-Tabari, dan Ibn Ishaq, serta pentafsir Quran dan pakar hadis seperti al-Tirmidhi dan dalam Sahih Bukhari bahawa memang pernah berlaku insiden yang Muhammad mengucapkan ayat-ayat Quran yang dikatakan hasil bisikan syaitan? Insiden ini dikenali sebagai peristiwa gharaniq. 

Peristiwa atau insiden ini terjadi kerana dikatakan Muhammad terlalu inginkan agar golongan Quraish dan penduduk Mekah yang belum Muslim untuk masuk Islam. Sehingga beliau (Muhammad) menyebut dua ayat yang mengatakan berhala-berhala yang disembah kaum bukan Muslim di Mekah ketika itu iaitu Al-Latta, Al-Uzza dan Al-Manat adalah pengantara Allah. Kemudian dikatakan malaikat Jibril menegur Muhammad dengan keras dan beliau menarik balik ayat itu.

Dalam peristiwa ini Muhammad sedang menyebut ayat Quran 53:19-20 seperti berikut:

Pernahkah kamu melihat Al-Lat dan Al-‘Uzzá

dan yang ketiga lain Manāt?

Kemudian dikatakan menyambungnya dengan:

Ini adalah gharāniq dimuliakan, yang pengantaraannya diharapkan. (Dalam bahasa Arab تلك الغرانيق العلى وإن شفاعتهن لترتجى.)

Bagaimanapun sebahagian orang Islam menolak terus peristiwa ini dengan hujah Nabi itu terpelihara daripada dosa (maksum) dan hadith yang dirujuk adalah hadith lemah.

Kredit gambar: Tiga wanita berdiri bersama seekor singa. Di tengah adalah Al-Lat (juga Allat, Allatu, dan Alilat). Gambar di Muzium Iraq di Baghdad, Iraq. 

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The Ghanariq Incident

In 1988, Muslims rioted with rage all around the world because of a controversial book, The Satanic Verses, by Salman Rushdie. I remembered how angry the Muslims were, and Rushdie's head was offered for millions by Ayatollah Khomeini, the supreme leader of Iran at the time. But do Muslims know that there is actually a story behind this as written by Muslim historians such as al-Waqidi, Ibn Saad, al-Tabari, and Ibn Ishaq,[5] as well as Quranic commentators and hadith experts such as al-Tirmidhi and in Sahih Bukhari that there was There was an incident in which Muhammad recited verses of the Quran that were said to be the result of Satan's whispers? This incident is known as the gharaniq incident.

This event or incident happened because it is said that Muhammad wanted very much for the Quraish and the people of Mecca who were not yet Muslim to convert to Islam. So he (Muhammad) recited the two verses revered the idols worshiped by non-Muslims in Mecca at that time, namely Al-Latta, Al-Uzza and Al-Manat, as intercession. Then it was said that the angel Gabriel reprimanded Muhammad harshly and he retracted the verse.

In this event, Muhammad was reciting Quranic 53:19-20 as follows:

And see ye not Lat and Ozza,

And Manat the third besides?

And then Satan whispered to Muhammad to recite these two additional verses:

These are exalted Females,

And verily their intercession is to be hoped for.

However, some Muslims reject this event with the argument that the Prophet cannot do wrong (infallible) and the hadiths referred to are weak.

Picture credit: Three women with a roaring lion, in the middle is Al-Lat (also Allat, Allatu, and Alilat). On display at the Iraq Museum in Baghdad, Iraq.